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Hepatopulmonary syndrome in a patient with AIDS and virus C cirrhosis (viral cirrhosis type C)

Síndrome hepatopulmonar em paciente com cirrose por vírus C e SIDA

Maria Angélica Pires Ferreira, Marcelo Basso Gazzana, Sérgio Saldanha Menna Barreto, Marli Maria Knorst

ABSTRACT

Hepatopulmonary syndrome is characterized by a triad consisting of liver disorder, pulmonary vascular dilatation, and hypoxemia. No case of hepatopulmonary syndrome associated with AIDS has been reported so far. In this study, the authors report the case of a 43-year woman with AIDS and virus C cirrhosis taking prophylactic cotrimoxazole for pneumocystosis and retroviral therapy. Upon admission, the patient presented dyspnea, cyanosis, digital clubbing, vascular spiders, and normal chest examination. Chest X-ray revealed bilateral interstitial infiltration and evidenced increased alveolar-arterial gradient and liver function impairment. Intrapulmonary shunt was evidenced by contrast-enhanced echocardiography and radionuclide perfusion scanning, thus confirming hepatopulmonary syndrome.

Keywords: Hepatopulmonary syndrome. Acquired human immunodeficiency syndrome. Human viral hepatitis. Anoxemia. Liver cirrhosis.

RESUMO

A síndrome hepatopulmonar consiste na tríade de doença hepática, dilatações vasculares intrapulmonares e hipoxemia. Não há relatos de síndrome hepatopulmonar associada com SIDA. Relatamos o caso de uma mulher de 43 anos portadora de SIDA e de cirrose hepática por hepatite C, em uso de cotrimoxazol profilático para pneumocistose e de terapia anti-retroviral, com dispnéia progressiva, cianose, baqueteamento digital, aranhas vasculares e exame do tórax normal. A radiografia do tórax mostrava infiltrado retículo-nodular, o gradiente alvéolo-arterial de oxigênio estava aumentado e a função hepática alterada. Shunt intrapulmonar foi evidenciado por ecocardiografia bidimensional transtorácica e por cintilografia pulmonar perfusional, confirmando-se a síndrome hepatopulmonar.

Palavras-chave: Síndrome hepatopulmonar. Síndrome da imunodeficiência humana adquirida. Hepatite viral humana. Anoxemia. Cirrose hepática.


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