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Nutritional evaluation in patients with lung cancer

Avaliação nutricional em pacientes portadores de câncer de pulmão

Sérgio Jamnik, Cesar Uehara, Ilka Lopes Santoro

ABSTRACT

The authors analyze the nutritional status of patients with lung cancer. 131 patients, 96 (73.3%) male and 35 (26.7%) female, were classified into three groups: I - malnourished patients; II - eutrophic patients and III - obese patients. Most of the malnourished had anorexia (59.7%), which was not seen in the eutrophic (25%) and obese patients (26.1%). More than 70% of patients reported some degree of previous weight loss at the initial evaluation, weight loss being higher among malnourished patients. Weight loss was observed in more than 60% of the patients during the follow-up period of 3 months after the first evaluation. Patients with squamous carcinoma neoplasms prevailed in the malnourished group whereas adenocarcinoma was more prevalent in the other two groups. Most patients had advanced stages of the disease.

Keywords: Lung cancer. Nutritional status.

RESUMO

Este estudo analisou o estado nutricional dos pacientes portadores de carcinoma do pulmão. Foram avaliados 131 doentes, sendo 96 (73,3%) do sexo masculino e 35 (26,7%) do feminino. Estes pacientes foram classificados como desnutridos (n = 64/48,9%), eutróficos (n = 44/33,6%) e obesos (n = 23/17,5%). A maioria dos pacientes desnutridos apresentava anorexia (59,7%), o que não ocorreu com os pacientes eutróficos (25%) e os obesos (26,1%). Mais de 70% dos doentes relataram algum tipo de perda, no início do estudo, sendo superior entre os desnutridos. No seguimento dos três meses seguintes, mais de 60% dos pacientes, entre os três tipos nutricionais, tiveram perda de peso. Predominaram entre os desnutridos os pacientes portadores de carcinoma espinocelular. Já entre os outros dois tipos nutricionais, predominaram os portadores de adenocarcinomas. A maioria apresentava estado avançado da doença.

Palavras-chave: Câncer de pulmão. Estado nutricional.


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